How to Build a Murphy Bed

Building a Murphy bed, also known as a wall bed, is a practical way to maximize space in small rooms or multipurpose areas. Instead of taking up floor space day and night, a Murphy bed can be folded away when not in use, turning any room into a versatile living area. Whether you’re an experienced DIY enthusiast or someone just beginning their woodworking journey, this guide offers everything you need to know about how to build a Murphy bed that is functional, safe, and stylish.

Understanding What a Murphy Bed Is

A Murphy bed is a type of bed that is hinged at one end and can be stored vertically against a wall or inside a cabinet. Originally invented by William Lawrence Murphy in the early 1900s, these beds are designed to save space. The mechanism allows the mattress to stay in position even when the bed is lifted, making it convenient to use without the hassle of disassembly. Murphy beds come in both vertical and horizontal orientations, and they can be customized with cabinets, desks, or shelving units depending on your needs.

Planning Your Murphy Bed Project

Before picking up a saw or a drill, the planning phase is crucial to your Murphy bed build. First, consider where the bed will be placed. Measure the ceiling height, wall width, and floor space to determine what size Murphy bed will fit best. Twin, full, and queen are the most common sizes, and each will have different requirements in terms of clearance and framing. You also need to decide if your bed will be freestanding or attached to the wall or floor. Understanding these elements will help you select the appropriate hardware kit and materials.

Choosing the Right Murphy Bed Hardware Kit

A Murphy bed hardware kit is essential to ensure the bed lifts and lowers smoothly and safely. These kits typically include the lifting mechanism, bed frame brackets, and safety features. There are two main types of lifting systems: piston-based and spring-based. Piston systems are quieter and easier to operate, while spring systems allow for some adjustment. Kits come with detailed instructions, and choosing a reputable brand is essential to ensure durability and safety. Make sure the kit matches your chosen mattress size and orientation.

Materials and Tools Required for Building a Murphy Bed

Once you have your plan and hardware kit, you need to gather the materials and tools. For most Murphy bed frames and cabinets, hardwood plywood or MDF (medium-density fiberboard) is commonly used. You will also need screws, wood glue, a drill, saw (circular or table), measuring tape, clamps, a level, and safety gear like goggles and gloves. For finishes, you might want sandpaper, wood filler, stain or paint, and sealant to give your Murphy bed a polished, professional appearance.

Constructing the Bed Frame

The bed frame supports the mattress and is attached to the lifting mechanism. Begin by cutting the plywood or MDF to the dimensions provided in your hardware kit’s plans. Assemble the frame by joining the side rails, headboard, and footboard using screws and wood glue. Reinforce corners with brackets or corner blocks if needed. Once the outer frame is secure, install cross slats or a plywood deck to support the mattress. Make sure all joints are square and tight to ensure structural integrity.

Building the Cabinet or Enclosure

The cabinet is what allows the Murphy bed to disappear into the wall when not in use. It typically includes two side panels, a top panel, and a back panel. Depending on your preference, the back panel can be solid wood, beadboard, or even decorative paneling. Begin by assembling the cabinet sides and top, and then attach them to the wall or floor, depending on the design. Use wall anchors or screws to secure the cabinet safely. The cabinet needs to be level and stable to support the weight of the bed.

Installing the Lifting Mechanism

Follow the instructions provided in your Murphy bed hardware kit to install the lifting mechanism. This is a critical step, and accuracy is essential. Start by attaching the lifting arms to the bed frame and then to the inside of the cabinet. Make sure the pistons or springs are properly seated and that all screws are tightened. Test the mechanism slowly to ensure it lifts and lowers smoothly. If it feels too tight or loose, adjust the tension according to the manufacturer’s guidelines.

Attaching the Bed Frame to the Cabinet

After confirming the lifting system works correctly, the bed frame can be attached to the cabinet. This step usually involves hinges and mounting brackets provided in the hardware kit. Line up the frame with the bottom edge of the cabinet, making sure it is centered and level. Secure it according to the kit’s instructions, ensuring that the frame pivots correctly. Do a few trial lifts to verify the bed operates without obstruction or excessive resistance.

Adding the Mattress and Final Touches

Place your mattress onto the bed frame, making sure it fits snugly and does not exceed the recommended thickness. Most Murphy beds work best with memory foam or hybrid mattresses that are less than 12 inches thick. Once the mattress is in place, you can add straps or holders to keep it secure when the bed is upright. At this point, you can also add handles, trim pieces, or moldings to give your Murphy bed a finished, built-in look. Sand all surfaces and apply your chosen stain or paint, followed by a clear sealant to protect the wood.

Safety Considerations and Long-Term Use

Safety should be a top priority when building and using a Murphy bed. Always double-check that all components are securely fastened. The bed should not be allowed to free-fall when being lowered, and the lifting system should control the descent smoothly. Avoid exceeding the weight limits specified by the manufacturer. Periodically inspect the bed for signs of wear, such as loose screws or worn-out pistons. Regular maintenance will ensure the Murphy bed remains safe and functional for years.

Customizing Your Murphy Bed Design

One of the advantages of building your own Murphy bed is the ability to tailor the design to your space and style. You can add side bookshelves, overhead cabinets, or even a fold-out desk on the front panel. If you’re using the bed in a guest room or home office, this type of customization can make the room more functional. Paint colors, hardware finishes, and decorative trim can be selected to match the existing decor of your home. A customized Murphy bed can blend seamlessly into the room, making it both practical and aesthetically pleasing.

Troubleshooting Common Problems

During or after construction, you may encounter a few issues with your Murphy bed. If the bed is hard to lift, the springs or pistons may need adjustment. If the bed doesn’t stay down or pops back up, check the tension in the lifting mechanism. Uneven operation could be due to an off-center mount or an uneven floor. Address these problems carefully and consult your kit’s troubleshooting section. Taking your time to correct small issues will prevent bigger problems later.

Converting Existing Furniture into a Murphy Bed

In some cases, homeowners want to convert an existing piece of furniture, such as a wardrobe or armoire, into a Murphy bed. This is possible but requires careful modification. You’ll need to clear out the interior of the furniture, reinforce it structurally, and install a lifting mechanism. This approach is ideal for those wanting to maintain a vintage or unique piece of furniture while adding functionality. However, it’s important to ensure that the converted piece is stable and safe for use as a bed.

Murphy Bed Cost Savings and Value

Building a Murphy bed can save you a significant amount of money compared to buying a pre-built model. While ready-made Murphy beds can cost anywhere from $1,500 to $5,000 or more, a DIY project can often be completed for under $800, depending on the materials and design. In addition to cost savings, the project adds real value to your home by increasing the versatility of your space. Whether used in a studio apartment, home office, or guest bedroom, a Murphy bed provides a return on investment through improved functionality and space optimization.

FAQs About Building a Murphy Bed

What is the best mattress for a Murphy bed?
The best mattress for a Murphy bed is a medium-profile memory foam or hybrid mattress that is between 8 to 12 inches thick. Avoid mattresses with box springs or extra height, as they may interfere with the bed’s closing mechanism.

Do I need to anchor a Murphy bed to the wall?
In most cases, yes. Murphy beds need to be anchored to a wall or floor to ensure stability and safety. Always follow the instructions provided in your hardware kit, and consult a professional if your wall type presents challenges.

How long does it take to build a Murphy bed?
For someone with moderate DIY experience, building a Murphy bed takes about 2 to 3 days of dedicated work. This includes cutting, assembly, installation, and finishing. If you are new to woodworking, you may need additional time to ensure accuracy.

Can a Murphy bed be used every day?
Yes, Murphy beds are built for regular use. As long as the lifting mechanism and frame are constructed properly and maintained, they are suitable for everyday sleeping. High-quality materials and proper installation are key to longevity.

Is it cheaper to build or buy a Murphy bed?
Building a Murphy bed is usually more cost-effective than buying one, especially if you already own some of the tools. While buying saves time and effort, a DIY approach offers savings and customization.

Can I build a horizontal Murphy bed instead of vertical?
Yes, horizontal Murphy beds are ideal for rooms with lower ceilings or limited vertical space. Many hardware kits offer horizontal configurations, and the construction method is very similar to vertical beds.

Are Murphy beds comfortable?
Murphy beds can be just as comfortable as any standard bed, depending on the mattress used. The bed frame supports the mattress evenly, and as long as the mattress fits within the recommended thickness, comfort is not compromised.

Do I need special tools to build a Murphy bed?
You don’t need professional-grade tools, but basic woodworking tools like a circular saw, drill, measuring tape, clamps, and level are necessary. A table saw and miter saw can make the job easier and more precise.

Can I move a Murphy bed after installation?
Moving a Murphy bed after it has been installed can be challenging, especially if it is wall-mounted. If you plan to relocate it in the future, consider a freestanding design that doesn’t require permanent anchoring.

What wood is best for building a Murphy bed?
Plywood, particularly hardwood plywood like birch or maple, is commonly used due to its strength and resistance to warping. MDF is also an option for parts that won’t bear much weight but should be avoided for the frame itself.